Car-heater



(No Model.)

W. G.' DUNN.

GAR HEATER. N0. 359,206. Patented Mar. 8, 1887.

E s V m A N. PETERS, mwlhqnpiu.; wuhinpon, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATET OEEicEo "WARD C. DUNN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CAR-H EATE R.

SPECIFICATION forming pari; Of Letters Patent NO. 359.206, dated LIEMC!8, 1887.

' Application filed February 18, 1886. Serial No. 192,392. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, 1WARD C. DUNN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Heaters, which Idesire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States, and of whichthe following is a specification.

In the use of both vaporizing and non-vaporizing oil-stoves it isnecessary, in order to obtain good results, to provide some sort of apositive feed for the oil, and this is especially necessary invaporiZing-stoves where the fuel is projected into the retort from apoint without it. Various forms of motive force have been proposed toeffect the requisite pressure upon the oil-such as compressed air,springs, and steam introduced into the fuel-pipe near its exit.Compressed air has been found a useful and practical motor; but in usingit it has been necessary to contend with the difficulty of frequentlyreplenishing the air in order to maintain the requisite pressure as theoil is consumed, and this has been attended with such inconvenience thatthe use of compressed air for this purpose has been small. On the otherhand, a spring which shall be of sufiicient strength and range ofmovement to serve the purpose without exceeding in its action the limitsof its elasticity must be of such length and size when applied to areservoir of a car-heater as to occupy an inconvenient amount of space,and be altogether unwieldy as well as expensive, while if the spring ismade shorter and forced in its action beyond its limit of elasticity itwill soon wear out; and steam as a motor has been found to work badlybecause of the deposits and clogging it causes in the pipe,necessitating frcquentoverhauling.

I propose to make, and my invention consists in making, an air-pump apart of the permanentapparatus, and so locating and arranging it that itmay be operated automatically by connection with moving parts of thecar. The requisite pressure can thus at all times be maintained with theutmost convenience, and compressed air, which has been found the mostefficient motor for the purpose, retained. I also propose, in order toprevent ari-excess of l pressure in the reservoir, to provide asafetyvalve.

In the drawing annexed, which forms a part of this specification, theiigure shows a side view,partlyin section,of my apparatus as applied toa car, the pump in this iigure being represented as automaticallyoperated.

A is the oil-reservoir, bolted to a board, B, attached to thefloor-beams C of a street-car. From the reservoir a pipe,D, leads to thevaporiZing-burner E, placed at the entrance of a combustion-chamber, FG, xed within the box II, attached to the iioor of the car, the upperpart of this box constituting an air-chamber about thecombustion-chamber,into which air enters near the bottom through holesin the walls thereof, and rises, when heated by 4radiation from thecombustion chamber,

through a register,I,into the car, vents J from thecombustion-chamberbeing provided ,which pass through the walls of theair-chamber and carry out the products of combustion. 'Ihe usual valve,I(,is provided for regulating the escape of fuel. This portion of myconstruction is the same as that shown in a previous application made byme October 28, 1885, Serial No. 180,741, patented on the 8th day ofJune, 1886, No. 843,45, and is not claimed in detail herein, myinventionconsisting iu the combination, with a car-heaterof this or otherappropriate description, of the feed apparatus which will now bcdescribed. y

From the end of the reservoir A opposite to that from which theiced-pipe D proceeds, apipe,L,connects with a tube, M, also attached tothe board B. In this tube, which is hermetically closed at the end nextto the reservoir, is a piston, N, provided with a pistonrod,O, the tubeM being provided with a vent, as shown, near its center, and the pipe Lhaving the usual air-pump valve, P. This apparatus constitutes auair-pump, which operates when the piston is forced forward and back pastthe vent. The hand-valve R controls the iiow of air through the pipeinto the reservoir. A safety-valve, Q, of any usual construction andmade to keep the air pressure within proper limits, connects with theair-pump end of the reservoir.

By safetyyalve7 I mean any and Aevery ICO provision in the constructionof the reservoir, or cylinder tube and piston for the escape yof airwhen the pressure would otherwise run too high.

The outward motion of the piston is effected bythe operation of a cam,S,upon the axle T of the car-wheel while engaging with a curved arm,O,uponthe outer end of the piston-rod, while the inward motion of the pistonis effected by a springQheld between the piston and the head of thecylinder M.

The length of stroke of the piston in the apparatus shown in the ligure,and itsk size7 and the setting of valve It should be so adjusted that asthe car moves something near the normal amount of air-pressure will bemaintained, any excess being thrown off through the safety valve.

I am aware that it has been proposed to use the rotating motion of theaxle of a car for forcing air through pipes to assist in ventilation,and I am also aware that air-pumps have heretofore been used to create apressure to force liquid fuel to a burner. I claim neither of theseconstructions broadly, the gist of my invention lying in so forming theair-reservoir of an oil-heater carried by a car and so connecting thesame with apparatus operated by a moving part of the car that a steadypressure may be maintained in the fuel-reservoir, notwithstanding theconstant drain upon it through the consumption of fuel, and that at thesame time the degree of pressure shall be held within safe and properlimits.

I claim- 1. The combination of a car, an oil-burning heater, afuel-reservoir connected therewith, an air-pump communicating with saidreservoir, operating connections between the piston of said pump and theaxle of the car, whereby the pump is driven by the rotation of the axle,and a safety-valvein the reservoir for preventing an excess of pressureupon the fuel, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of a car, an oil-burning heater, a fuel-reservoirconnected therewith, an airpump communicating with said reservoir, thepiston of said pump having a curved arm on its outer end, a cam formedon the caraxle and engaging with said curved arm for moving the pistonin one direction, and a spring for moving the piston in the oppositedirection, substantially as described and shown.

TARD C. DUNN.

Vitnesses:

FREDERICK C. GOODWIN, E. L. HUBER.

